Radiographie-Datenbank: Radiographien

Radiograph slices C,D & E. Worm tubes of Arenicola sp and ?Thalassia. Structures due to bioturbation are marked in slice E. For legend see below. Distinct mollusk movement and resting traces.

118

GIK 12519-1

Broad Slices C, D & E: Traces of movement of small and large mollusks, small shells in situ, numerous open and filled worm tubes, worm grazing traces.

27.5

231

GIK 12589-1

131

212

230

GIK 12589-1

131

232

GIK 12589-1

212

321

344

143

87-95 cm: Zoophycos and Planolites; 95-134 cm: Scolicia dominant with Planolites, which were locally frequent. Some Zoophycos present, e.g. at 103,5-105 cm and at 128.5-133.5 cm; 134-143 cm: Planolites.

345

143

199

143-153 cm: Scolicia; 153-181 cm: Planolites with some Chondrites; 181-184 cm: Turbidites; 184-199 cm: Planolites with some Chondrites.

343

32-43 cm:Chondrites with Zoophycos at 32-34 cm and 38-43 cm, and Planolites inbetween; 43-87 cm:Planolites dominated with increasing Zoophycos towards the base.

Intensively bioturbated, dominated by structures from Echinocardium cordatum (Scolicia isp.) and by the spoonworm Echiurus echiurus, in upper 0 to max. 16 cm of sandy sediment. Frequent worm tubes of various sizes in underlying clayey section, having normal, lined, and strengthened walls, which were partially or completely filled with sediment. In laminated layers below 26 cm depth, larger worm tubes were observed.

14.9

127

intensively bioturbated with worm tubes having normal, lined, and strengthened walls, which are partially or completely filled with sediment. Multiple burrows present in the uppermost 14 cm of sediment core.

14.9

204

GIK 12555-2

Bioturbate with hollow worm tubes to ~5 cm. Below with overprinted traces of larger mollusc and worm activities. Below 14 cm in slice D, preserved concentric layers, which were concave downwards and traces which were structureless upwards were observed.

14.8

203

GIK 12556-1

Well preserved trace of downward movements of bivalve in slice A with resting structures at base. Similar but fainter traces also in slice B , which was cut 6 cm behind slice A! Inclined traces with strengthened walls ~2 cm apart were probably from the spoon worm Echiurus echiurus.

14.8

107

Schicht C´

14.8

225

GIK 12584-1

Laminations were totally destroyed in the upper 20 cm of core. Mollusc nests present especially in the upper 14 cm, mainly with Macoma sp., Spicula solida and A. alba, some preserved with both valves, and a few Buccinum sp. Mollusc traces, with and without sediment layers were observed. Some traces with coarser grains pushed sideways (in slice D).

14.8

133

GIK 12549-2

Slice A: surface to 14/18 cm with overprinting with Scolicia isp. Hollow and filled worm tubes present below this depth. Well preserved Artica islandica resting structures between 16-23 cm.

14.8

332

15398-1

150

204.5

Layering was not preserved to 167 cm, and sediment was generally disturbed through vertical traces from mollusks and horizontal features from large Scolicia isp. Hollow worm burrows were seldom observed. Thin layering was generally preserved below 167 cm, with deformed sections at 173-175.5 cm, 186-190 cm and 196.5-204.5 cm.

14.8

135

GIK 12549-2

Slice D: Radiograph dominated by overprinted structures of bivalves and ?Echinoids. A few worm tubes are also present.

14.8

331

15398-1

150

Numerous 3-4 mm size howwow and sediment filled worm burrows were present from 95-145 cm, with multi-walled burrows of Terebellides stroemi. A few thin <2 mm-size hollow worm burrows were observed to 107 cm. Bedding was only partially preserved, and deformed or obliterated by mollusk activity.

14.8

213

12551-1

Lightly bioturbated Conspicuous concentric traces in slice D, left by downward movements of bivalves. Other burrows with sediment trails.

14.8

335

15398-1

311

352

Non bioturbated. Peat with deformed sand layers lensing at 311-312 and 321-322 cm. Glacial till at 324-352 cm with thin roots. A few hollow 1-2 mm-size and ~4 mm-size were also observed.

14.8

212

GIK 12552-1

Radiographs of sediment slices D and E with hollow and filled worm tubes, bivalve and echinoids. Legend: hb:hollow tube, Ilt:large lined trace made by Echiurus echiurus. The straight (mm-size) linings in the radiograph are over 2 cm apart and are composed of compressed sediment (lined walls).

14.8

211

GIK 12552-1

Radiographs of slices ABC with numerous hollow and filled worm tubes and traces left by upward (without concentric traces) and downward (concentric traces) movements of Molluscs. Legend: hb:hollow tube, fb:sediment-filled tube, bto:traces left by bivalves, almost without layering, btu:traces left by bivalves, sediment layers are convex upwards.

14.8

209

GIK 12553-2

Bioturbation in slices D and E are similar to Slices A, B & C, with more preserved worm tubes of various widths and lengths, some with strengthened (agglutinated) walls in slice E.

14.8

208

GIK 12553-2

Slices A, B and C show intense activity of burrowing Molluscs, with younger traces of their movement and resting position overprinting earlier traces. Note small Artica islandica shell in slice A. A few well preserved worm tubes are also present.

14.8

128

bioturbated with worm tubes having normal, lined, and strengthened walls, partially or completely filled with sediment. Top 15 cm with multiple burrows present.

14.8

207

GIK 12554-1

Slice A with a few hollow and sediment-filled worm tubes and structures from Echinocardium cordatum (Scolicia isp.) and by the spoonworm Echiurus echiurus, and also by molluscs. Very large traces were probably somewhat distorted during the preparation of the very soft muds. Piece of wood at 12 cm. In Slice B-B, concentric sediment layers which were convex upwards were structures created by the downward movements of Arctica islandica

14.8

330

15398-1

94.5

Strongly bioturbated as above, with dominant mollusk activity overprinting earlier traces. Worm burrows as above with plow sole traces, and a few Scolicia isp.

14.8

329

15398-1

2.5

Sediment gave a churned up appearance, except between 268-273 cm. Individual burrows were only faintly preserved. Plant remains.

14.8

112

GIK 12514-1

21.5

Radiograph slices A & C. Sea grass and Arenicola sp.

14.8

134

GIK 12549-2

Slice B. Legend: lw = lined walls of cylindrical worm tube. hb = hollow tube. fb = sediment-filled tube. mb = composite burrow, made by various organisms. The original tube is enlarged (spreiten burrow). Pectinaria sp., Terebellides stroemi and Echiurus echiurus are the likely candidates for the composite traces. The space in the middle is later filled with coarse grained sediment. The bioturbation structure as a whole resembles Diplocraterion, which is a spreiten burrow. pb = large original burrow of the mollusc A. islandica, whose trace was later partially overprinted by echinoids (Scolicia isp.).

14.8

334

15398-1

259.5

311

Non bioturbated, except for a large burrow at 298-305 cm. Sandy marls with thin wavy layering to 287 cm. Peat layers with thin sandy lenses from 287 down to 305 cm. Some decomposed twigs at 309-311 cm.

14.8

333

15398-1

204.5

259.5

Many worm burrows of various sizes and types, including a few with multiple walls, were present down to 224 cm and lesser at 236-248 cm. Larger burrows 1-2 cm in diameter were either structureless or faintly layered (mollusk). Large Arctica islandica trace at 225-229 cm. Layerings were locally intact. Non bioturbate below 248 cm.

14.8

224

GIK 12583-1

23.5

Dominantly bioturbated through large bivalves, especially A. islandica, traces from Echiurus echiurus, sediment-filled traces from Pectinaria koreni and some worm tubes. Concentric sediment layers from upward (layers concave upwards) and downward (concave downwards) were observed, so also traces of lateral movements, especially in the lower part of the core below 9 cm depth.

14.8

221

GIK 12581-1

27.5

Fairly well bioturbated with hollow and sediment-filled worm tubes. The large burrows were probably made by A. islandica and also by Echiurus echiurus. Stains and flecks on slice D were tesa glue.

14.8

218

GIK 12568-1

Very intensely bioturbated with reworked remnant structures of worm tubes, echinoid (Scolicia isp.) and bivalve movements. A few hollow and sediment-filled vertical, inclined and horizontal worm tubes were also observed. Plow soles were probably from Pectinaria koreni.

14.8

219

GIK 12567-1

The vertical and horizontal components of hollow, U-shaped worm tubes could be observed. Bivalve structures were produced by smaller species.

14.8

102

Intensely bioturbated with remnants of concentric layering, resting imprints of bivalves and Scolicia isp. predominated in slices A & B down to ~16 cm. Below this depth, frequent structureless burrows ~2 cm in diameter with compressed walls were probably from Echiurus echiurus. In slices C & D, worm tubes having normal, lined, and strengthened walls, which were partially or completely filled with sediment were observed

14.8

421

13588-3

13588-2: Large box corer wirrh near surface sediment section

14.7

108

Radiograph slices A,B. Worm tubes (especially Arenicola sp., Pectinaria koreni), hollow tubes and filled with sediment.

14.7

130

Schicht B

14.7

25.5

Radiograph slices A and D, cut perpendicular to slice A.

14.7

Radiograph slice A, worm tubes and crab burrows dominate. Scolicia isp. remnants or (?) mollusc structures in upper sandy 5 cm.

14.7

131

31.4

Schicht C

14.7

115

GIK 12516-1

Sandy layers to ~5 cm are intensely bioturbated. The underlying mud layer with hollow or sediment filled/ partially-filled, linear to curvi-linear worm tubes (Pectinaria koreni). Crustacea burrows, well preserved and dwellings, e.g. in slice A with sand and irregular walls.

14.7

Radiograph slice B: similar to slice A. hc: head chamber of Pectinaria koreni.

14.7

223

25.5

Slices A, D:worm tubes and bivalve traces. hb: hollow tube; ps: plow sole; btu: traces left by M. baltica, with backfill structures convex upwards; btd: traces left by M. baltica, with distinct horizontal layering of the bottom dwelling chamber; bto: traces left by M. baltica, almost without layering.

14.7

222

25.5

Slices B, C:hollow and sediment filled worm tubes and bivalve traces. Much reworking, less distinct structures and traces as in slices A & D described below.

14.7

25.5

Radiograph slices B & C. Worm tubes and bivalve traces. hb: hollow tube; ps: plow sole; btu: traces left by M. baltica, with backfill structures convex upwards; btd: traces left by M. baltica, with distinct horizontal layering of the bottom dwelling chamber; bto: traces left by M. baltica, almost without layering.

14.7

20.5

Radiograph slice D. btd: traces left by bivalves, with downward movement and resting position at base.

14.7

25.5

Radiograph slice C. Hollow and partially/fully filled worm tubes. hc: head chamber of Pectinaria koreni

14.7

111

GIK 12513-1

Worm tubes mostly filled with sediment, and traces from bivalve movement e.g. middle of slices B and C. Concentric layers of grits at ~10 cm in slice D either formed by ?molluscs or by ?Echiurus sp.

14.6

191

82.5

150

Rutschmassen. Disturbed submarine slumps. Almost vertical beddings below 123 cm.

14.5

192

150

205

Rutschmassen. Disturbed submarine slumps, vertical beddings.

14.5

GIK 13203-1

10-30 cm: Deformational structures (Verformungswühlgefüge), vertical and horizontal burrows to 2 cm diameter, generally structureless, with much overprinting. Disseminated small grains. 30-41 cm: Planolites predominate with some deformational structures. Burrows are cylindrical to oval with long vertical axes. 41-64 cm: Planolites with disseminated grains (?shell fragments). Structures are horizontal to inclined (~45°) and rarely vertical.

14.5

352

101

Planolites dominated, with vertical burrows down to 80 cm.

14.5

158

162

79-162 cm: Zoophycos with Chondrites around 97 cm and admixture with Planolites below 130 cm.

14.5

106

329

413

329-352 cm: Planolites with Chondrites between 340-345 cm; 352-370 cm: Planolites dominant with deformational (bioturbate) structures near the base; 370-413 cm: early diagenetic pyrites.

14.5

161

413

496

413-463 cm: Early diagenetic pyrites with Zoophycos and Chondrites between 415-426 cm, and with Planolites below 426 cm; 463-496 cm: Chondrites frequent at top and base with Zoophycos and Planolites dominating in the middle of this section.

14.5

159

162

246

162-190 cm: Planolites dominant with deformational structures around 190 cm. 190-212 cm: Planolites with deformational structures near 210 cm. 212-246 cm: With pyrites formed during early diagenesis.

14.5

160

246

329

246-270 cm: With early diagenetic pyrites; 270-302 cm: Planolites dominant, with some deformational structures. 302-320 cm: Planolites dominated with early diagenetic pyrites; 320-329 cm: Zoophycos and Planolites.

14.5

353

101

157

101-139 cm: Scolicia and Planolites; 139-157 cm: Planolites with some Scolicia. Large vertical burrow with various biogenic structures.

14.5

354

157

212

157-161 cm : Planolites; 161-187 cm: Planolites with some Scolicia. Large vertical burrow with various biogenic structures; 187-194 cm: Planolites with some Chondrites, partially pyritized; 194-206 cm: Chondrites with a few Planolites. Pyrite strings; 206-212 cm: Planolites.

14.5

357

324

352

Numerous near vertical burrows, lined and unlined. Abundant disseminated (<2mm) ?gypsum and ??Barytes flakes/crystals.

14.5

355

212

268

212-250 cm: Planolites with some ?Chondrites. Thin 2-3 mm linear burrow torwrds base. Beds disturbed; 250-262 cm: Disturbed and pieces of biogenic structures. ?Submarine slump; 262-268 cm: Planolites.

14.5

356

268

324

268-275 cm: Planolites with a few Chondrites; 275-317 cm: Numerous inclined burrows, 1-3 mm in diameter, larger below 296 cm to 8 mm. A few Scolicia present. Disseminated (< 2mm) ?gypsum and ??Barytes flakes and crystals were locally abundant; 317-324 cm: ?Planolites and inclined burrows. Flakes as above.

14.5

358

GIK 13255-2

0-14 cm: Vertical burrows 5-9 mm in diameter and Planolites with faint Scolicia traces; 14-28 cm: Planolites dominated, with some Chondrites; 28-42 cm: Planolites dominated, with some Chondrites and Scolicia. Thin U-shaped burrow.

14.5

361

GIK 13256-1

0-35 cm: Circular U-shaped, hollow burrows to 1.5 cm diameter with thickened walls (Thalassinoides). Deformational biogenic structures. No sediment layering; 35-46 cm: Planolites and some thin burrows.

14.5

113

GIK 12515-1

34.5

Legend: hb: open worm tubes, pf:partially filled tubes. The sediment fill occupies either the lower end of the tube or the lower segment in inclined tubes; fb: sediment-filled tube; mb: spreiten or composite burrow, made by various organisms.

14.5

194

GIK 12519-1

Slice A, A:Traces of bivalve movement and rest, with concentric rings from downward movement (convex upwards) and structureless (rapid movement upwards), open and filled worm tubes.

14.5

121

GIK 12520-1

bivalve feeding traces, open and filled worm tubes, living chambers of Calliostoma sp., good example of structures resulting from bivalve movement in a laminated sequence could be observed. Slow downwards between 13.5 to 22 cm, and rapid upward movement.

14.5

125

GIK 12521-1

26.5

Shells of Astarte sp. (Slice E) and Abra sp. in upper cm of recent sediment. A few small hollow tubes and filled larger tubes. Remnants of bivalve traces.

14.5

199

GIK 12558-2

Large sediment-filled burrows of Echiurus echiurus and A. islandica in uppermost layers with traces reaching down into underlying clayey Unit D. Vertical and horizontal worm burrows were generally hollow. Freshwater Unit C at base of core was intensely bioturbated.

14.5

202

GIK 12557-1

All three slices were intensely bioturbated with well preserved structures especially from downward movements of bivalves, traces of their upward movements, and horizontal Scolicia isp. from echinoids. Some hollow vertical and bent worm tubes, an inclined agglutinated tube, bifurcated tube, and remnants from overprinting were also observed.

14.5

215

27.5

Slices D and E: dominant bivalve and echinoid activities, and less worm tubes, except below 22 cm in slice E.

14.5

233

108

14.5

234

108

189

14.5

235

189

270

14.5

236

277

325

14.5

214

31.5

Slices A, B and C indicated intensive bivalve and echinoid (Scolicia isp.) activities, which had overprint earlier bioturbate structures. Larger worm tubes reached down beyond 27 cm in sediment

14.5

197

GIK 12560-1

23.5

Slices A, B:A number of sand to grit-filled tubes and large structures were observed, which had overprinted earlier concentric traces of molluscs. Large central dwelling chambers of crabs with multiple radiating burrows and agglutinated walls were observed.

14.5

101

GIK 12560-1

23.5

Slices C & D showed large structures, which had concave or convex (to surface) layering from slow movement of molluscs; cavities were structureless by fast upwards motion. In the middle of slice D at around 12 cm, a typical sand filled iving chamber of Crustacea sp. with multiple radiating burrows could be observed. A few hollow worm tubes were also present.

14.5

395

287

310

Submarine slide deposits

14.5

394

232

287

Submarine slide deposits

14.5

393

176

232

176-197 cm: Submarine slump with reworked sediment (~5 cm). Much fine shell debris; 197-232 cm:Submarine slump with large reworked sediment fragments and some shell debris.

14.5

392

121

176

121-145 cm: Submarine slump with reworked sediment (~1 cm) and fine shell debris; 145-176 cm: Submarine flow deposit with reworked sediment (4-6 cm). Less fine shell debris.

14.5

391

121

65-112 cm: Planolites; 112-115 cm: ?Planolites; 115-121 cm:Beds disturbed. Top of submarine slide.

14.5

152

GIK 12309-2

102

0-102 cm: Planolites assemblage dominant with Chondrites between 35-42 cm, 52-65 cm, and faint between 80-94 cm. Thalasinoides very strong between 53-73 cm. Scolicia at about 67 cm.

14.5

390

Planolites dominated, with some Chondrites near top and base.

14.5

387

389

445

389-402 cm: Zoophycos and some Planolites; 402-420 cm: Planolites dominated; 420-428 cm:Zoophycis with Scolicia and Planolites; 428-445 cm: Planolites

14.5

189

660

883

660-705 cm: Scolicia isp. with Zoophycos at 666-669 cm, 677-679 cm and below 692 cm; 705-755 cm: Scolicia with Planolites; 755-772 cm: Scolicia dominated; 772-817 cm: Scolicia and some Planolites. Pyrite strings between 779-800 cm; 817-883 cm: Planolites with some near vertical pyrite strings.

14.5

188

438

660

438-456 cm: Scolicia with Zoophycos and Planolites, 456-466 cm: Zoophycos and Scolicia, with some Planolites; 466-583 cm Planolites dominant, with some Zoophycos, e.g. between 483-492 cm, some Chondrites and sporadic Scolicia. Few pyrite strings; 583-591 cm: Planolites dominant, with some Chondrites. Zoophycos near the base; 591-650 cm: Planolites dominant, with some Chondrites. Pyritization; 650-660 cm: Planolites, with sporadic pyrite strings.

14.5

185

GIK 13289-2

385

496

385-397 cm: Scolicia dominated, with a few Planolites and Chondrites; 397-409 cm: Planolites and a few Chondrites; 409-423 cm: Chondrites with Planolites. Some pyritization; 423-434 cm: Planolites dominated, with some pyritized Chondrites; 434-496 cm: Planolites dominant, with some Chondrites and Scolicia..

14.5

379

GIK 13280

392

447

Inclined structures (?Planolites) and near vertical Spreiten. Dessiminated gypsum flakes, some aligned along biogenic structures. Sediment with dry cracks.

14.5

153

GIK 12309-2

102

210

102-146 cm: Planolites assemblage with strong representation of Thalassinoides and some pyritized thread-like Chondrites. 146-210 cm: Frequent Zoophycos with Planolites, some burrows are partially reworked by Chrondrites, represented by pyritized threads.

14.5

376

GIK 13280

225

281

225-261 cm: Scolicia with some Planolites, and thin burrows; 261-270 cm: Scolicia with a few thin burrows; 270-281: Vertical Spreiten.

14.5

377

GIK 13280

281

336

281-308 cm: Vertical Spreiten, with dessiminated gypsum; 308-336 cm: Very long vertical Spreiten (3-4 mm). Some Scolicia near the base.

14.5

378

GIK 13280

336

392

336-350 cm:Bioturbated, deformational structures, gypsum flakes; 350-370 cm: Scolicia with deformational biogenic structures; 370-392 cm: Vertical Spreiten, with dessiminated gypsum.

14.5

375

GIK 13280

169

225

169-200 cm: Large vertical Spreiten, some ? Scolicia. Sediment with dry cracks. Sporadic thin burrows to 3 mm diameter; 200-210 cm: Planolites with some vertical Spreiten, thin burrows; 210-225 cm: Planolites and deformational structures, gypsum.

14.5

373

GIK 13280

114

58-70 cm: Planolites dominant, with a few thin (<2 mm) and thicker (6 mm) vertical burrows; 70-81 cm: Planolites with a few Chondrites and Scolicia; 81-104 cm: Less bioturbated with Planolites with thin (< 2mm) and larger (4 mm) burrows; 104-114 cm: Less bioturbated with Planolites with thin (< 2mm) and larger (4 mm) burrows, some deformational structures at 100-110 cm.

14.5

374

GIK 13280

114

169

114-140 cm: Strongly bioturbated with large, partially layered burrows, 3.5 cm in diameter. Others without layering. Deformational structures with grain-size selection; 140-151 cm Bioturbated with burrows and deformational structures. 146-150 cm ?Heminthopsis and ?Planolites. Gypsum; 140-169 cm: Large vertical Spreiten. Sediment with dry cracks. Sporadic thin burrows to 3 mm diameter.

14.5

372

GIK 13280

3-40 cm: Strongly bioturbated with long burrows 3 mm in diameter, one with ?segmented worm, and larger (up to 10 mm) burrows. Helminthopsis at 8-11 cm and 35-36 cm;40-58 cm: Planolites dominant, with a few thin (<2 mm) and thicker (6 mm) vertical burrows

14.5

GIK 13203-1

146

64-72 cm: Predominantly Planolites. 72-87/90 cm: Frequent Scolicia with some Planolites. Lower boundary is irregular. 87/90-121 cm: Turbidites, disturbed, faint curved beddings to 94 cm. Thinly layered below with some cut and fill structures, and micro-current bedding. 121-146 cm: Predominantly Scolicia with some birfurcated burrows.

14.5

144

GIK 13205-1

29-73 cm: Planolites with disseminated fine shell debris. Some Zoophycos near the base. 73-82 cm: Zoophycos

14.5

145

GIK 13205-1

154

82-97 cm: Chondrites with some Zoophycos. A less bioturbated, slightly inclined, silty layer is present at 92-93 cm. 97-107 cm: Scolicia with Zoophycos near top and base. 107-120 cm: Mainly Scolicia with some Planolites. 120-155 cm: Planolites with some Scolicia.

14.5

100

GIK 13208-3

0-33.5 cm: Planolites. 33.5-35 cm: Irregular and inclined layer with remnant layering, and reworked clay fragments. 35-41 cm: Planolites.

14.5

146

115

0-95 cm: Planolites dominant with occurrences of Chondrites near 4-12 cm and between 20-35cm, 48-58 cm and 72-84 cm. Many continuous, thin, 1-3 mm thick, horizontal burrows between 35-58 cm at about 64 cm and 88-91 cm. Additionally with Zoophycos from 91-95 cm. 95-115 cm: Chondrites and Planolites with some Zoophycos.

14.5

147

115

190

115-121 cm: Planolites with frequent Chondrites. 121-121.5 cm: mm thick, curvilinear layers, passing into a Planolites burrow. 121.5-160 cm: Dominantly Planolites with Zoophycos between 128-140 cm, Chondrites between 145-155 cm. 160-190 cm: Planolites with Chondrites.

14.5

148

192

276

Planolites dominant with Zoophycos around 203 cm and at 212-214 cm, Chondrites especially at 229-238 cm and 268-274 cm.

14.5

149

276

359

Dominantly Planolites with frequent Chondrites, especially at 304-309 and 322-352 cm. Sediment layering at 290-292 cm, 311-313 cm and at 322-325 cm.

14.5

150

359

442

Planolites dominant with Chondrites between 360-410 cm and locally between 422-435 cm. Secondary pyrite strings. Layerings at 379-381 cm, 396-399 cm, 409-413 cm, 419-422.5 cm and 435-439 cm.

14.5

151

442

526

Predominantly Planolites with frequent Chondrites between 445-480 cm and 499-503 cm, remnant layering at 458-468 cm and 478-480 cm. Frequent pyrite strings and some Trichichnus between 455-485 cm.

14.5

136

31.5

Slices A, B and C indicated intensive bivalve and echinoid (Scolicia isp.) activities, which had overprinted earlier bioturbate structures. Larger worm tubes reached down beyond 27 cm in sediment.

14.5

137

27.5

Slices D and E: dominant bivalve and echinoid (Scolicia isp.) activities, and less worm tubes, except below 22 cm in slice E.

14.5

138

526

610

Various types of Planolites with frequent occurrences of Chondrites, especially at 561-567 cm and 588-598.5 cm.

14.5

139

610

693

610-615 cm: Planolites with Scolicia and sporadic Chondrites. 615-665 cm: Various types of Planolites with scattered occurrences of Chondrites. Secondary pyrite strings. 665-675 cm: Frequent Zoophycos with Planolites and Chondrites. Pyrite strings.and small lenses. 675-693 cm: Planolites with frequent Chondrites. Some pyritization.

14.5

140

693

777

693-719 cm: Planolites with frequent Chondrites. Pyrite strings. 719-728 cm: Planolites with some Zoophycos and Chondrites. 728-741 cm: Scolicia with Planolites and some Zoophycos. 741-777 cm: Planolites with frequent Chondrites, especially in the upper half, and a few Scolicia. Pyrite strings are locally frequent.

14.5

155

121

10-18 cm: deformational structures (Verformungswühlgefüge); 18-33 cm: Planolites with Scolicia in the upper section, and some Chondrites locally. 33-36 cm: Zoophycos dominantem. 36-62 cm: Predominantly Planolites with frequent Chondrites especially between 40-53 cm. 62-121 cm: Zoophycos and Planolites with Chondrites, which are locally abundant and partially pyritized.

14.5

156

121

208

121-130 cm: Zoophycos, Scolicia and Planolites. 130-155 cm: Zoophycos with Scolicia. 155-208 cm: Submarine slide deposits.

14.5

157

208

291

208-291 cm: Submarine slide deposits (slumps), disturbed, locally bioturbated. Frequent pyrite strings.

14.5

339

291

Submarine slide deposits (slumps), disturbed, locally bioturbated. Frequent pyrite strings. With lenticular layering below 348 cm.

14.5

190

82.5

0-50 cm: Planolites dominant with Chondrites at 32-35 cm, Single Zoophycos burrow at 42-43 cm. Beds were disturbed and thrusted e.g. between 35-50 cm, with very steep to vertical dips. Later Planolites and Zoophycos burrows (35-43 cm) were almost horizontal; 50-82.5 cm: submarine slumps, disturbed.

14.5

Schicht B

14.4

Schicht D

14.3

383

167

223

Planolites dominated, with Zoophycos at 188-190 cm and 200-208 cm. Some Scolicia and pyrite strings.

388

445

501

Planolites, with some pyritization near the base.

389

501

556

501-512 cm: Planolites with some Chondrites; 512-538: Planolites; 538-556 cm: Zoophycos, with some faint Scolicia.

370

392

448

392-410 cm: Frequent Scolicia. Vertical Spreiten. Disseminated gypsum flakes; 410-448 cm: A few vertical Spreiten. Disseminated gypsum flakes were locally frequent. Isolated Scolicia. ?Lophoctenium.

182

GIK 13289-1

Strongly bioturbated, dominated by Planolites. Traces left by movement of bivalves are also observed.

GIK 10010-2

0-10 cm: intensively bioturbated with deformational structures from ?mollusks and ?echinoids.. A few hollow and sediment-filled burrows were discernable. 10-26 cm: frequent 3-5 mm diameter, hollow and unlined worm tubes. A few were lined or multiwalled, a head chamber from Pectinaria koreni was preserved. Some crab burrows were also present. Curved layering in larger burrows from mollusk activity. 26-40 cm: deformational structures from mollusk and ?echinoid activities with overprinting of older traces. Some plow soles were observed. Worm burrows themselves were not preserved, except towards the base. 40-54 cm: hollow, 3-5 cm diameter worm tubes were frequent. One U-shaped segment present. Sediment-filled burrows near base. Arcuate layering in larger burrows.

347

254

310

254-268 cm: Planolites with some pyrite strings. 268-282 cm: Planolites dominated, with a Scolicia; 282-290 cm: Chondrites with large Planolites; 290-310 cm: Pyritized Chondrites with a few Planolites.

384

223

278

223-255 cm: Planolites with frequent Zoophycos; 255-278 cm: Planolites dominated.

363

114

58-83 cm: Planolites and some Chondrites. A few thin ~2 mm burrows; 83-114 cm: Large burrows, to 3 cm in diameter and a long, thin 2 mm vertical burrow. Planolites and abundant biogenic debris with Chondrites.

362

364

114

170

114-140 cm: Long thin vertical burrows, Planolites and frequent Chondrites, especially in the lower part. A few Scolicia near the base. Some shells and debris. 140-170 cm: Frequent ( to 3 cm) Scolicia traces. Large, partially filled, Spreiten to 15 mm diameter down to 156 cm, numerous smaller (1-3 mm in diameter) to 170 cm.

217

GIK 12569-1

27.5

The sediments were intensely bioturbated with hollow and sediment-filled vertical, inclined and horizontal wotm tubes, bivalve traces with convex upwards layers from downward movement (bt, slice C) and concave upwards layers from slow upward motion (bt1, slice C). Trace bt2 was probably caused either by the rapid upward movements of a mollusc or a spoonworm. The spoonworm Echiurus echiurus probably caused the large lined structures (ee) observed in slice A. Some Scolicia isp. was also observed in the upper 15 cm of sediment.

382

111

167

111-140 cm: Planolites, with frequent Zoophycos; 140-167 cm: Planolites mit Scolicia, and some Zoophycos.

196

GIK 12561-1

Only a few hollow worm tubes 1-3 mm in diameter were observed in Tills.

386

333

389

Planolites with frequent Zoophycos.

365

170

225

170-186 cm: Scolicia traces with frequent long, thin burrows, some Planolites and Chondrites; 186-203 cm: Planolites dominated, with long thin (<2mm diameter) burrows and a few Scolicia; 203-218 cm: Large vertical Spreiten to 2 cm diameter, some Scolicia. Helminthopsis between 214-218 cm; 218-225 cm: Scolicia traces with frequent vertical and inclined Spreiten.

367

225

280

225-260 cm: Scolicia traces with frequent vertical and inclined Spreiten. Frequent Lophoctenium burrows; 260-270 cm: Pseudobedding with large biogenic traces (?Lophoctenium); 270-280 cm: Scolicia dominant.

368

280

336

280-320 cm: Vertical Spreiten. Frequent ?Lophoctenium burrows at 281-286 cm and 293-300 cm; Corophioides at 281-282 cm, Teichichnus at 289-392 cm, Planolites sp. A at 292.5-294 cm, Planolites sp. B at 288-289 cm, Planolites sp. D at 291.2-291.7 cm, and Helminthopsis sp. A between 295-302 cm (after Wetzel, 1979); 320-336 cm: Scolicia. Hollow vertical (3 mm) and horizontal burrows (5 mm).

346

199

254

199-208 cm: Planolites with faint traces of Scolicia, and some Chondrites; 208-254 cm: Planolites with a few faint Scolicia and frequent pyrite strings.

369

336

392

336-340: Scolicia and burrows; 340-380 cm: Some vertical and inclined Spreiten, and isolated Scolicia. Some bedding preserved. Disseminated gypsum flakes; 380-392 cm: Frequent Scolicia. Vertical Spreiten. Disseminated gypsum flakes

154

GIK 12309-2

210

351

210-351 cm: Planolites assemblage with Thalassinoides between 290-310 cm, Zoophycos mainly between 311-319 cm, otherwise faint traces are sporadic. Light pyritized Chondrites traces are present throughout.

351

GIK 13246-1

1.5

1.5-29 cm: Planolites with deformational structures. Irregular erosional surfaces at 8-9.5 cm, 11-14 cm and 18-20 cm. 29-44 cm:Scolicia at 29-33 cm. Planolites with deformational structures (Verformungswühlgefüge) at 33-44 cm. Zoophycos at base. Sediment dry and cracked.

162

496

578

496-523: Early diagenetic pyrites with some Planolites. 523-578 cm: Early diagenetic pyrites.

401

13533-3

13533-1: Predominantly large Scolicia with a few ~2 mm-size burrows below 15 cm.

GIK 10010-2

109

164

109-117 cm: frequent crab borro ws, radiating from central chambers. Fewer, longer worm burrows were also observed. Remnant sediment layering. 117-136 cm: sediment layering generally preserved, except where a large vertical burrow from a bivalve cuts through between 126-136 cm. Selective collection of coarse grains and grits along thin tubes at 126-128 cm. 136-151 cm: frequent burrows of small crustacea, generally sinuous, e.g. at 138-144 cm with dendritic pattern upwards.and downwards from a central chamber, at 150-151 cm with interconnected burrows. 151-164 cm: ohne visible biogenic activity with the exception of a large, irregular burrow between 151-155 cm.

165

234

486

Marine muds to 260 cm depth, underlain by thinly bedded, strongly bioturbated silty clays with remnant laminations. Worm tubes, bioturbate structures left by bivalve movements are abundant. Below 260 cm with frequent branch-like and disseminated pyrites, amorphous and as grains. Below 260 cm, termed AY Clay (Kögler & Larsen, 1979).

216

GIK 12570-31-35

12570-31:bedding not preserved, some traces caused by bivalve movements were present. -32:remnant bedding preserved at 6-8 cm, Pectinaria koreni traces were observed down to 25 cm. -33:remnant bedding present in upper 6 cm of core. Worm tubes (Pectinaria koreni) and bivalve resting places were present; -35: bedding not observed. Medium to faint traces left by bivalve movement were observed. Wood fragment at top cm near surface. Multiple trace from ?Terebellides stroemi.

167

704

955

No bioturbation. Varves, finely laminated (mm) in layers 1-2 cm thick with irregular silty layers containing small gravels, grits and clay clasts down to 804 cm. Below this depth, the sand-silt layer is very thin (less than 1 mm) and sometimes missing.

166

486

704

AY Clay to 635 cm. Original laminations disturbed through bioturbation that only some wavy and weak banding preserved. Both worms (short tubes and solemarks) and bivalves were active. Branching and isolated pyrites restricted to a few horizons. Below 635 cm, finely laminated varves with rhythmic summer & winter layers. Layers with pinch-outs and sand lenses, 3-5 mm pyrites and dropstone clasts. Microfaulting probably due to coring technique.

GIK 10010-2

81.5

long, hollow and partially sediment-filled, worm burrows were more frequent down to 69 cm, deformational structures probably from mollusk activity dominate below.

163

GIK 12570-31-35

164

234

Marine muds with bedding to 70 cm depth. Worm tubes (with agglutinated and unlined walls of 5-7 mm width, partially sediment filled, and larger >15 mm unlined burrows (crabs) with sediment fill. Below 70 cm, with the exception of a few sections, bedding was generally destroyed through bivalve activity. Sole marks and a few worm tubes were also preserved.

400

13532-1

181

203

Intensely bioturbated with large burrows, and Scolicia, especially between 125-132 cm, 143-146 cm and below 160 cm.

441

15427-1

Circular impressions of Echinoidea (Scolicia) especially between 12-15.5 cm and 46-48 cm. Some partially sediment-filled, unlined, vertical worm burrows about 3 mm-size and 10 mm-size were preserved. Short, mostly hollow and segmented worm tubes and concentric sediment layerings were also frequent, especially between 15-27 cm depth.

407

13533-3

365

396

365-379 cm: Large ~1.5 cm-size burrow from 367-379 cm and smaller 4-5 mm-size burrows with some Scolicia; 379-396 cm:Dominantly Scolicia, with a 10-12 mm-size, burrow, and a 3-4 mm-size burrow with irregular walls.

406

13533-3

291

365

Dominantly Scolicia, with locally frequent 5-6 mm-size, hollow burrows, and some 2-3 mm -size burrows. Turbidite at 355-358 cm.

405

13533-3

198

291

198-250 cm: Scolicia dominant, with some 5-8 mm-size, hollow, vertical burrows; 250-281 cm:6-10 mm-size, sediment filled, burrows, and Scolicia; 281-291 cm:2-3 mm-size, burrows, some with bifurcations, and a few Scolicia.

404

13533-3

126

198

126-137 cm: Scolicia and large, 8-12 mm-size, hollow, inclined burrows; 137-145 cm: Scolicia and large, 8-12 mm-size, hollow, inclined burrows; 137-145 cm:Layered, micro-turbidites; 145-151 cm: Turbidites, bioturbated with Scolicia. Layering almost destroyed; 151-198 cm: Predominantly Scolicia, with mm-thick microturbidites at 158.5 cm aand 174-177 cm. Some 5-6-mm size burrows.

403

13533-3

126

84-89 cm: Turbidite, partially layered; 89-102: Large, 1-1.5 cm-size, hollow burrows; 102-120 cm: Scolicia and large, hollow, inclined burrows as above; 120-126 cm: Scolicia.

402

13533-3

0-12 cm: Scolicia dominant; 12-32 cm: Scolicia, with thin, ~2 mm-size near vertical burrows to 25 cm depth, larger 1.5 cm-size hollow burrows near base; 32-75 cm: Large, 6-10 mm-size, hollow, generally near vertical burrows, and sporadic, thin (<1 mm size) hollow burrows. Some Scolicia were also observed; 75-84 cm: Disturbed structures (slump)

399

13532-1

120

176

Intensely bioturbated with large burrows, and Scolicia, especially between 125-132 cm, 143-146 cm and below 160 cm.

398

13532-1

125

181

125-176 cm: Intensely bioturbated with large burrows, and Scolicia, especially between 125-132 cm, 143-146 cm and below 160 cm; 176-181 cm:

397

13532-1

119

64-71 cm: Partially layered sediment with distorted bedding, some bioturbation mainly Scolicia. Irregular lower boundary; 71-75 cm: Bedding destroyed. Scolicia and ?Zoophycos were observed; Scolicia dominant, with some vertical burrows (1.5-2 cm size); 96-119 cm: Scolicia frequentcwith some deformational burrows.

396

13532-1

8-20 cm: Large sediment filled, linear and nonlinear burrows (1-2 cm size) and numerous thin (<1 mm size) hollow, linear burrows. Some Scolicia near the base; 24-64 cm: Scolocia dominant, with some large burrows filled with Coprolites. Thin burrows were locally frequent. Pockets of broken shell debris.

442

15427-1

145

Much overprinting of older traces. Near-vertical worm burrows about 3 mm-size to 73-100 cm depth, and ~10 mm-size between 73-140 cm were observed. A few short, mostly hollow and segmented worm tubes were observed between 106-117 cm depth. Circular impression of Echinoidea between 140.5-144 cm.

385

278

333

278-282 cm: Planolites with Zoophycos; 282-303 cm:Planolites, with some pyrite strings near the base; 303-318 cm: Planolites, with Chondrites and frequent pyrite strings; 318-333 cm: Planolites, with some pyrite strings.

371

503

558

503-524 cm: Some thin vertical Spreiten. Frequent disseminated gypsum flakes to 518 cm. Large ?Lophoctenium; 524-558 cm: Radiograph with dry cracks. Isolated gypsum flakes. ?Lophoctenium.

366

448

503

Deformational biogenic structures dominated. Some Scolicia. Disseminated gypsum flakes from 466 cm downwards, frequent below 478 cm. ?Lophoctenium.

381

111

55-61 cm: Planolites; 61-71 cm: Zoophycos and some Planolites; 71-111 cm:Planolites with some Zoophycos near the base.

324

15396-1

2.5

Top 26 cm of sediment was strongly bioturbated with overprinting of earlier traces, especially through mollusk activity. Large structureless burrows as well as those with parallel layering were observed. Segments of hollow and sediment-filled worm tubes were also preserved. Less bioturbated, with some sediment layering and a few mm-size worm tubes.

325

15396-1

102

Slightly bioturbated with well preserved sediment layering and some sediment-filled worm burrows at 47-72 cm. A few small dropstones at 48- 80 cm. Stronger bioturbation below 80 cm, with 2-3 mm and ~2 cm-size, sediment-filled, vertical and horizontal burrows.

326

15396-1

102

157

Some tears to 209 cm. A few layers were locally bioturbated, e.g. at 206-209 cm, and 216-219 cm.Scattered Ostracoda at 260-270 cm.

323

15396-1

157

212

Seldom bioturbated. Long root with bark at 157-184 cm, burrow with irregular sides from 157-186 cm and with linear borders from 184.5-190 cm.

327

15396-1

212

267.5

Layering was preserved at 215-225 cm and below 260 cm. Irregular erosional border at 225-232 cm. Faint traces visible at 228-250 cm, with convex upwards structure at 235 cm.

328

15396-1

267.5

295

Sediment gave a churned up appearance, except between 268-273 cm. Individual burrows were only faintly preserved. Plant remains.

GIK 10012

48.5

0-22 cm: intensely bioturbated by bivalves with overprinting of earlier traces, Some concentric layering in large burrows were preserved. Circular structures e.g. between 16-19 cm were probably left by echinoids; 22-48.5 cm: ss bivalve and echinoid activity than above, with some hollow, frequently vertical, lined and unlined worm tubes. Partial sediment fill in some burrows. Concentric layering from upward movements of mollusks.

13.8

GIK 10012

103

158

Sediment layering was generally preserved. Only in some thin (2-4 cm) sections, curved bivalve traces and plow soles dominated. A few hollow worm tubes were also observed. The freshwater fossils were scattered in the column.

13.6

184

GIK 13289-2

219

385

219-230 cm: Scolicia dominated, with a few Planolites; 230-245 cm: Frequent Zoophycos and Scolicia; 245-258 cm: Scolicia with some Zoophycos and Planolites; 258-292 cm: Planolites with some Scolicia; 292-313 cm: Scolicia dominated, with some Planolites; 313-337 cm: Scolicia and Planolites; 337-348 cm: Planolites dominated, with some Scolicia; 348-362 cm: Scolicia dominated, with a few Planolites; 362-385 cm: Planolites and Scolicia.

13.5

380

0-45 cm: Planolites dominated, with some Chondrites around 20 cm and 30-38 cm; 45-55 cm: Planolites and Zoophycos.

13.5

187

230

466

230-255 cm:Scolicia dominant, with a few Planolites and Chondrites. Zoophycos at 230-231 cm; 255-298 cm: Planolites dominated, with some Chondrites; 298-318 cm: Scolicia dominant ,with a few Planolites; 318-357 cm: Zoophycos dominated, with Scolicia and Helminthopsis in the upper part, and some Planolites in the lower section; 357-369 cm: Planolites and Chondrites, with some Zoophycos and Scolocia. ?Helminthopsis in upper part. Some pyrite strings; 369-392 cm: Scolicia dominant, with a few Planolites and Chondrites. Frequent pyrite strings; 392-418 cm: Planolites dominated with some Chondrites. Pyrite strings; 418-456 cm: Scolicia with Zoophycos and Planolites, 456-466 cm: Zoophycos and Scolicia, with some Planolites.

13.5

GIK 10006-1

105

159

105-112 cm: Vertical worm tubes. Lesser biogenic activity than above. Laminations were sometimes destroyed. 112-159 cm: Original sediment layering was generally intact, except between 146-155 cm with deformational structures.

13.5

GIK 10012

78.5

102

Exchinia tube burrows enhancing biogenic structures. Tw: lined tube walls.

13.5

GIK 10012

48.5

103

48.5-83 cm: abundant hollow worm burrows with line and unlined tube walls, a few with head chambers (Pectinaria koreni). Curved layering from mussel movements were also preserved especially in the upper section down to 60 cm. 83-103 cm: the many lined worm burrows, which penetrated this section to around 90 cm, originated in the overlying sediment (exchina). Because of distinct backfill and branching structures, Werner (2002) suggests that Nephthys spp. caused these traces. Alternative description: 48.5-103 cm: Tube/plow-sole ichnofabric dominant. Many hollow worm tubes are dark grey or black in cross section (negative scan), many with lined tube walls. Biodeformational structures in upper 5 cm. Between 78-90 cm (also shown separately), are examples of Exchinia tube burrows enhancing biogenic structures.

13.5

342

GIK 10007-1

As above, hollow burrows were smaller in diameter (1-3 mm), while sediment-filled tubes were generally ~1 cm diameter. With plant remains

13.5

341

GIK 10007-1

44-80 cm: Numerous vertical to inclined, rarely horizontal,hollow worm burrows, 2-5 mm in diameter, with unlined walls. Sediment-filled, inclined to horizontal structures, observed down to 67 cm, were sediment-filled, some have internal layering, others showed selective grain sorting in their agglutinated walls, 80-90 cm: As above, hollow burrows were smaller in diameter (1-3 mm), while sediment-filled tubes were generally ~1 cm diameter.

13.5

340

GIK 10007-1

0-20 cm: Intensively bioturbated at top 10 cm with overprinting of earlier structures. Sediment-filled burrows of Pectinaria koreni with head chambers present below 11 cm, so also a hollow, birfurcating worm burrow at 17-20 cm; 20-44 cm: Numerous hollow worm burrows, some partially sediment-filled. The tubes are 2-5 mm in diameter, generally with unlined walls. Larger vertical to inclined structures are up to 3 cm in diameter with faint sediment layering.

13.5

183

GIK 13289-2

219

52-63 cm: Chondrites dominated with a few Planolites. Very faint ?Scolicia.; 63-73 cm: Planolites and vertical Spreiten. Some Scolicia near the base; 73-77 cm: Some Chondrites with Planolites; 77-86 cm: Scolicia with Planolites; 86-99 cm: Planolites and large vertical Spreiten ~7 cm width with linear layering; 99-109 cm: Scolicia dominant with some Planolites; 109-126 cm: Planolites with Scolicia; 126-156 cm: Frequent horizontal burrows of Zoophycos, with some Planolites and Scolicia inbetween; 156-186 cm: Frequent Scolicia with Zoophycos; 186-190 cm: Helminthopsis with some Zoophycos; 190- 219 cm: Scolicia and Zoophycos with a few Planolites. A vertical burrow 15 mm wide with secondary bioturbation.

13.5

GIK 10006-1

49.5

105

50-79/81.5 cm: Numerous hollow and (partially) sediment filled worm burrows, 3-5 mm in diameter, with lined and unlined walls, mainly vertically oriented.Some inclined lumen were also present, so also burrows and head chambers of Pectinaria koreni. Some overprinted curvilinear traces from mussel activity were observed. 79/81.5-97 cm:Hollow and inclined worm tubes with a few vertical traces. Much less biogenic activity than above. 97-105 cm: Vertical worm tubes. Lesser biogenic activity than above. Laminations sometimes still destroyed.

13.5

12888-1

86.5

sandy plow sole traces (P).

350

420

475

420-424 cm: Planolites; 424-435 cm: Pyritized Chondrites with a few deformational burrows and some Planolites; 435:447 cm: Planolites and deformational structures, with less pyritization; 447-458 cm: Pyritized Chondrites with deformational burrows and Planolites; 458-468 cm: Planolites and deformational structures, with pyritization; 468-475 cm: Pyritized Chondrites with burrows and Planolites.

12888-1

55.5

12888-1

60.5

well preserved plow sole traces.

12888-1

116

143

12888-1

143

170

12888-1

208

235

geschichtet

12888-1

257

284.5

teils laminiert

348

310

365

310-317 cm: Pyritized Chondrites with a few Planolites; 317-329 cm: Zoophycos, with Chondrites, partially pyritized. Some Scolicia und Planolites; 329-342 cm: Scolicia and Planolites with a few Chondrites; 342-365 cm: Pyritized Chondrites with Planolites and deformational burrows.

349

365

420

365-397 cm: Planolites and deformational structures. Some pyrite strings. Decreased biogenic activity below 377 cm.Usually pyritized along horizontal planes. All boundaries below are transitional; 397-403 cm: Pyritized Chondrites with deformational burrows and Planolites; 403-420 cm: Planolites and deformational structures, with some pyritization.

12888-1

235.5

263

geschichtet

12888-1

285.5

299

143

GIK 10058-4

52.8

68.3

Competition of stratification and bioturbation; plant debris layers (pl) are partly in minicyclic alternations with sand and silt layers; biodeformational structure (bd) without traces.

186

230

0-38 cm: Planolites dominated, with some Chondrites and thin, linear 2 mm burrows between 14-21 cm. Scolicia at 30-32 cm;38-57 cm: Chondrites dominated, with a few Planolites and some Scolicia; 57-76 cm: Planolites and Scolicia; 76-92 cm: Scolicia dominated , with sporadic Planolites; 92-97 cm: Zoophycos and Scolicia; 97-105 cm: Zoophycos, with Scolicia and Planolites; 105-120 cm: Zoophycos with some Planolites; 120-136 cm: Zoophycos, with Planolites and a few Scolicia.; 136-159 cm: Zoophycos with Scolicia and a few Chondrites; 159-180 cm: Planolites, with Scolicia, especially in the upper part; 180-196 cm: Planolites, with some Chondrites; 196-214 cm: Zoophycos with Planolites and Scolicia; 214-230 cm: Scolicia dominant, with a few Planolites and Chondrites.

12888-1

97.5

107

sandy plow-sole traces (P).

12.5

12888-1

115.5

sandy plow sole traces.

12.5

12888-1

27.5

12.5

GIK 10006-1

Bioturbation from bivalve activities dominated. The curvilinear traces indicated not only upward and downward movements, but also horizontal changes of the mussels at their dwelling location in sediment. Some sediment filled worm burrows were also observed.

12.4

GIK 10011-1

frequent 2-5 mm diameter, hollow and unlined, linear to U-shaped, worm tubes, and crab burrows, generally radiating from central chambers. Some head chambers of Pectinaria koreni were also preserved.

198

GIK 12559-1

Generally structureless with very thin vertical worm tubes (diameter ~1 mm) reaching down to base of core (14 cm) especially in slice B. The tubes awere curvilinear vertical in slices C and D. Larger with 2-4 cm diameter worm tubes were horizontal to inclined (~20°).

11.7

220

GIK 12580-1

A few small worm tubes were observed. The larger burrows ~2 cm in diameter were probably caused by Echiurus echiurus.

11.5

117

GIK 12517-1

a few linear and curvilinear hollow to filled worm tubes.

11.5

116

GIK 12518-1

14.2

bifurcate feeding traces in top 3 cm. No traces in the underlying glacial till.

11.5

359

GIK 13255-2

Planolites dominant, with some Chondrites and Scolicia.

12888-1

190

197

II Schicht

12888-1

360

GIK 13255-2

1 cm thick horizontal slices

32.7

Schicht D

10.7

Schicht B

10.7

105

280

370

Some small vertical worm tubes and bivalve traces without concentric layering. ?Leaves at ~357 cm.

10.7

Schicht C

10.7

419

13588-3

395

466

Strongly bioturbated with vertical burrows, some layered. A few ?Scolicia. ?Remnnant curved (pseudo)bedding.

10.5

420

13588-3

466

505

Strongly bioturbated with curved layers 3-4 cm wide. A few vertical burrows. Branching burrows below 494 cm.

10.5

418

13588-3

310

395

Strongly bioturbated. Scolicia like oval structures. A few Scolicia and ?Planolites were also observed.

10.5

417

13588-3

238

305

Biogenic structures were generally not preserved. Some remnant bedding was observed. A few ?Planolites.

10.5

416

13588-3

161

238

Large imprints, a few structurless, long vertical burrows, a few with sediment layers. Large oval structures.

10.5

415

13588-3

161

84-115 cm: Oval structures as above (?Scolicia), and a few Planolites; 115-150 cm: Planolites with Scolicia, and deformational burrows, especially near the base; 150-160 cm: Intensely bioturbated. Bioturbational structures not individually identifiable.

10.5

414

13588-3

0-3 cm: Submarine slide deposits; 3-11 cm: Intensely bioturbated. Circular to oval structures 6 mm to 2 cm in diameter to 6 cm; 11-17 cm: Faint structures.; 17-22 cm: ?Scolicia; 22-35 cm: Large oval structures to 5 cm width; 35-65 cm: Large deformational structures; 65-68 cm: ?Scolicia; 68-84 cm: Large oval structure.

10.5

GIK 12519-1

Lined and unlined worm burrows, and curved traces form bivalves.

10.3

432

15497-2

408

500

408-439 cm: As above, with some worm burrows, mollusk traces and plant roots. Bedding was partially preserved. Hollow, multi-walled, burrows at 414-419 cm were probably made by Terebellides stroemi, single walled tubes by Pectinaria koreni. 439-500 cm: Much less bioturbated with laminations fully preserved at places. Generally hollow worm burrows occurred sporadically, but sometimes form clusters. Mm-size shell fragments were scattered, e.g. at 462-468 cm, 480-485 cm and below 492 cm.

409

13586-2

146

Bioturbation intense. Some large 4-5 cm-size, vertical burrows with convex-upwards layering were observed. Scattered small shells.

12888-1

208

215

II Schicht

433

15497-2

500

574

427

15496-1

467

567

Abundant plant roots, some over 25 cm long.

426

15496-1

368

467

366.5-423 cm: Biogenic structures similar to above, with sinuous traces. More burrows were observed down to 379 cm. Oval structures with concentric layering may be caused by mollusks. 423-458 cm: Oval structures dominate with destruction of bedding. Vertical and horizontal, generally sediment-filled worm burrows of various sizes were locally frequent. Head chambers ? at 446-449 cm. 458-466 cm: faint structures in peat.

408

13586-2

Intensely bioturbated, structures overprinted and not preserved. Small mm-size shells were scattered throughout.

425

15496-1

268

367

267.5-276.5 cm: hollow or sediment-filled, linear or sinuous, worm burrows of about 5 mm width were observed throughout this section, curved layering predominated below 273 cm. 276.5-366.5 cm: Bioturbation less intense. Most of the burrows (>5 mm diameter) were open, fewer and smaller (2-4 mm) were filled with sediment. Thin plant roots were also preserved.

424

15496-1

168

268

168-245 cm: strongly bioturbated with frequent hollow, and sediment-filled worm burrows, whose walls were either unlined or lined with agglutinated clays. Most were linear, but a few were sinuous. Bedding was not observed. Broader (> 1 cm width) traces without internal structures were also observed. Curved pseudo-bedding and lenses were probably from bivalve activity. 245-267.5 cm: less bioturbated than above, with bedding generally well preserved between 245-255 cm depth. The intensity of bioturbation increased with depth and overprinting common. A few lined and unlined, hollow and sediment-filled burrows were still discernable, especially above 252 cm.

430

15497-2

209.5

308

More traces of mollusk activity, with curved layering in the burrows. Worm burrows were locally frequent, either open or sediment-filled, having lined and unlined walls. Bedding was rarely preserved.

423

15496-1

167

bedding partially preserved with frequent traces of worm burrows, which were hollow or (partially) sediment-filled, with or without lined walls, head chambers, and at places with plow-soles from grazing. A few larger traces, some with concentric sediment-layering were left by bivalves.

422

15496-1

0-7 cm: strongly bioturbated with overprinting of older traces. Various worm burrows frequent, some probably from Pectinaria koreni, a head chamber of which was preserved between 3-5.5 cm. Bedding was not observed. 7-73 cm: less bioturbated than above, with bedding preserved in intervals with some hollow, and some sediment-filled worm burrows having lined and unlined walls. Most sections without bedding had broader burrows resulting from bivalve activity, some e.g. between 21-27 cm, also showed more worm burrows.

428

15497-2

44.5

107.5

Bivalve bioturbation with traces up to 3 cm breadth, and frequent overprinting of older traces. Younger worm burrows of Pectinaria koreni, 4-5 mm in diameter, with lined walls, generally filled with sediment. A few plow soles were observed.

429

15497-2

108

209.5

As above, but with frequent open worm burrows 2-4 mm in diameter, having unlined walls. Lined burrows were sporadically seen. Plow soles were present. Deformation due to bivalve activity locally intense. Bedding was not preserved.

413

13586-2

374

425

Faint remnant layering, with a few 1 mm-size burrows to 387 cm, and 1 cm-size vertical and inclined burrows below 390 cm. Small shells occurred sporadically.

431

15497-2

308

407.5

308-390 cm: Mollusk traces up to 2 cm wide, with curved layering in the burrows. Open worm burrows were locally frequent, with sediment-filled tubes increasingly dominanting with depth. Bedding was preserved more frequently below 345 cm. 390-407.5 cm: Some hollow and sediment filled worm burrow, and generally blurred mollusk traces were observed. Coprolites common. Bedding was partially to fully preserved. A few plant roots were present to 400 cm.

412

13586-2

290

374

290-302 cm: Bioturbated with Planolites.Some wavy layerings were still preserved; 302-346 cm:Some Planolites, a few thin <2 mm-size burrows, some thick ~8 mm-size burrows, bifurcated at 324-332 cm, and Scolicia were observed; 346-374 cm: Some faint layering and burrows. Large 1 cm-size, vertical burrow below 364 cm. Scattered small shells.

411

13586-2

218

285

Sediment partially layered, irregular lenses. Some Planolites down to 230 cm. Drag-down at the core edges.

410

13586-2

146

218

Bioturbation intense, with some Planolites. Segments of large 4-5 cm-size, vertical burrows with slight convex-upwards layering. Sporadic small shells and shell fragments.

179

427

655

Strongly bioturbated. Scolicia seldom, e.g. at 561-565 cm. Horizontal traces of Zoophycos are more frequent, especially below 570 cm, branching at 556 cm.

9.7

181

855

1064

Strongly bioturbated. Both horizontal and vertical traces left by bivalve movements observed. Zoophycos seldom, some with bifurcations. Irregular boundaries between finer and coarser grained sediments frequent.

9.7

177

225.5

Strongly bioturbated without any preserved bedding. Horizontal worm tubes are abundant (hollow, agglutinated, partially filled and filled tubes). Triangular feeding traces of worms are well preserved, with broader bases at bottom. Vertical burrow (Crab) filled with coarser material present from 31-49 cm. Scolicia occassionally observed, e.g. at 60-64 cm. Traces left by bivalve movement are occassional. Chrondites, Planolites and zoophycos are also observed.

9.7

180

655

855

Strongly bioturbated. Bivalve shell at 685.5-687 cm. Zoophycos seldom but locally frequent, e.g. between 683-696 cm. Wavy and irregular boundaries between finer and coarser grained sediments observed, e.g. at 660 cm and 814 cm. Chrondrites and Planolites also observed.

9.7

178

255

427

Strongly bioturbated as above. Scolicia seldom. Vertical traces with remnant pseudo-bedding present, e.g. between 256.5 to 279 cm (both horizontal and vertical). Zoophycos and Chrondrites present.

9.7

271

15318-3

173

228

Typical texture of glacial till with a few sediment-filled burrows

9.5

263

15313-1

165

237

Little or no bioturbate structures. Rents and structures were artifacts of radiography preparation

9.5

265

15314-1

110

199

Some burrows down to 158 cm, otherwise not dirturbed with intact bedding planes. Vertical roots from 183-194 cm.

9.5

237

15301-1

108.5

0-3 cm: muddy, layered, 3-14 cm:thin worm tubes and head chamber of Pectinaria koreni, no layering. 12-50 cm: mollusk traces in upper part, a few hollow, slightly inclined worm tubes, sediment filled pockets and shell nests at 40-42 cm. 50-71 cm: sporadic burrows and roots esp. in lower part, 71-73 cm: homogeneous peat, 73-93 cm: with remnant layering, otherwise strongly deformed through roots and burrows, 93-108.5 cm: laminated with open and filled burrows, layering dieturbed with various degrees of biodeformation, and abundant freshwater Molluscs.

9.5

239

15301-1

191.5

274.5

191.5-210 cm: abundant roots to 195 cm, less roots to 200 cm and local abundance to 210 cm. Sharp irregular lower boundary to glacial till. 210-274.5 cm: structureless with locally abundant, and scattered floating pebbles.

9.5

240

15302-1

184

0-8 cm: worm tubes, probably fromPectinaria koreni. 8-32 cm: large, irregular, with coarser sediment filled burrows reaching down to 32 cm, thin plant roots. 72-99 cm: with some roots reaching down to coarser layer below 91 cm. 136-147 cm and 174-184 cm: typical glacial tills with isolated rock fragments, not sorted.

9.5

241

15303-1

0-20 cm: narrow tubes of Pectinaria koreni and broader (+ bifurcated) burrows of ?Echiurus echiurus, with local alignment of grits in burrows. Large burrows with secondary, layered, fine grained sand fills below 32 cm.

9.5

242

15303-1

162

Except for a few worm burrows between 120-127 cm, the sediments were generally not bioturbated and less disturbed with preserved original layering. A single vertical, sediment-filled, lined burrow was observed between 137-162 cm.

9.5

243

15303-1

162

243

Generral devoid of bioturbate features down to 192 cm, with a few burrows between 192-209 cm. Sediment-filled burrows were frequent and better preserved below 216 cm.

9.5

244

15304-1

110

Small mussels in living position down to 7 cm with siphons to core surface, deep burrow of Pectinaria koreni from 14-42 cm with layering parallel to walls (?grazing), bent at top, and a few hollow and filled worm tubes, especially between 55-90 cm.

9.5

245

15304-1

110

192.5

A few thin worm tubes, vertical and inclined, hollow and sediment-filled (coarser) were observed down to 160 cm. Concentric traces due to mussel movement and resting position with faint vertical traces. Strongly bioturbated below 182 cm, mainly through mollusks

9.5

246

15304-1

192.5

282

Faint vertical burrows to 218 cm, frequent hollow burrows with bifurcations and dendritic pattern down to 240 cm, less frequent, partially sediment filled, of various sizes, and without birfurcations down to 282 cm. Dwelling chambers were also present.

9.5

247

15305-1

82.5

Burrows of Arenicola sp. sediment filled and hollow. were frequent to 27 cm, Vertical and horizontal worm burrows were present. Traces of increased mollusk activities between 27.5-40 cm. Worm burrows were less frequent below 50 cm, again increasing below 70 cm.

9.5

248

15306-1

110

Resting and movement traces of Astarte montague in topmost cm of core. Burrows of Arenicola sp. and Pectinaria koreni down to 20 cm. Shell dragged along worm burrow. Glacial till with worm burrows down to 50 cm, less and sporadic occurrences below. Living chambers of Crustacea. Root remnants.

9.5

249

15307-1

80.5

Faint vertical and inclined traces of worm burrows in sand and in glacial till. Living chambers and burrows of Crustacea, e.g. at 40 cm. Plant roots.

9.5

251

15308-1

Very long, vertical, sediment-filled burrow of Pectinaria koreni with head chamber from 3.5- 26 cm, and from 30-35 cm. Smaller inclined burrows dowm to 20 cm. Sediment filled burrow with chamber on top at 81-90 cm.

9.5

250

15307-1

80.5

135

Typical unsorted texture of glacial till. Some larger burrows at 115-120 cm. Otherwise, not bioturbated.

9.5

252

15309-1

Only very faint traces of burrows above 57 cm. Two large burrows to 3 cm diameter (one with sediment lined wall) between 63-75 cm. Smaller ca. 1 cm diameter entrance of middle chamber visible at sediment boundary at 57 cm.

9.5

253

15309-1

162

Vertical and horizontal sediment filled worm burrow at 81-86 cm. Concentric traces of Pelecypod movement at 92.5-94 cm. Otherwise non-boturbated with fine cross beddings below 108 cm.

9.5

254

15309-1

162

243

Not bioturbated. Rents and disturbed sediments are artifacts of radiography preparation.

9.5

255

15309-1

243

285

Over 14 cm long, linear, partially sediment-filled burrow between 248-263 cm with 90 degree bend at 248 cm. 12 cm long, vertical, sediment-filled burrow from 273 cm to base.

9.5

256

15310-1

83.5

Faint traces of burrows in upper 13 cm. Vertical and inclined, mm-size lined worm burrows at 13-24 cm. Plant roots in glacial till.

9.5

257

15310-1

83.5

139

Glacial till not bioturbated. Holes due to small pebbles which were taken out during preparation.

9.5

258

15310-1

139

223

Glacial till not bioturbated. Small and large scale current bedding in sands below 167 cm. Rents in sediment were artifacts of radiography preparation.

9.5

259

15311-1

Sediment-filled worm burrows in sand wedge, and also in glacial till. Vertically oriented fish bones and spicule in large mussel burrow. Concentric structures were preserved only locally.

9.5

260

15312-1

111

Sand with mm-size worm traces, larger sediment-filled burrow probably from mollusk. Glacial till with sporadic 1 mm-size hollow burrows and ~1 cm-size sediment-filled larger burrows to 95 cm. Typical texture of glacial till with scattered, unsorted granules and small pebbles.

9.5

261

15313-1

82.5

A few worm burrows and traces from mollusks in the upper 12 cm of core. Vertical and hollow worm tubes at 28-43 cm, sporadic occurrences below. Mollusk traces below 55 cm.

9.5

262

15313-1

82.5

165

Rare to no bioturbate structures. Rents and structures were artifacts of radiography preparation.

9.5

264

15314-1

110

1-2 mm diameter thin, hollow, worm burrows from surface to 22 cm, 5-7 mm-size sediment-filled lined burrows frequent below 33 cm, burrow with agglutinated walls at 30-40 cm, some mollusk traces from surface down to 53 cm, intensively disturbed from 83-105 cm with burrows and plant debris.

9.5

306

15387-1

247.5

280

Sediment layering (lamination) was preserved with a few hollow worm burrows. Disseminated biogenic debris and secondary gypsum were observed.

9.5

305

15387-1

165

247.5

Hollow, partial and sediment-filled worm burrows 2-4 mm in diameter, and larger cm-size coarse grained sediment filled burrows and chambers were frequent, except between 190-220 cm. More horizontal burrows were present below 220 cm. Disseminated biogenic debris and secondary gypsum was present throughout.

9.5

304

15387-1

82.5

165

Frequent vertical and slightly inclined hollow worm burrows of 3-4 mm-size dominate from 86-128 cm. Crustacea and mollusk traces were observed in sandy clay sections, e.g. at 84-86 cm, 92-101 cm and 117-126 cm. Biogenic debris and secondary gypsum to 95 cm.

9.5

303

15387-1

82.5

Strongly bioturbated with overprinting of earlier traces by large A. islandica. Only a few inclined and some horizontal, hollow and sediment-filled worm burrows, 2-3 mm in size, were observed down to 39 cm. Distinct worm burrows, some partially filled with sediment, were frequent at 39-82 cm depth. With disseminated biogenic debris and secondary gypsum.

9.5

266

15315-1

Some sediment filled worm burrows, a few with lined walls. Mussel burrows and curved sediment layers from their movements in sediment, which were more frequent in the uppermost 20 cm of sediment. Glacial till very seldom bioturbate, except locally.

9.5

267

15318-1

133

Uppermost 36 cm with worm tubes ~1 cm in diameter, which were vertical and horizontal, hollow to sediment filled. A few had lined walls. Some faint traces from mollusk movements. Decomposed A. islandica at 14-15.5 cm. Pockets of shell debris less than 1 mm diameter at 45.5-52 cm with a pocket of larger fragments at 46.7-48.2 cm. Below 50 cm, more mm-size burrows and a few 1 cm-size worm tubes were observable. Bedding was only seldom preserved.

9.5

268

15318-1

133

244

Worm burrows were seldom preserved and overprinted by traces resulting from movement of larger organisms, e.g. A. islandica. Layering in sediment were almost totally destroyed. Traces with irregular borders, especially at 195-215 cm. Well preserved trace of Pectinaria koreni with head chamber at 232-239 cm.

9.5

269

15318-3

14-24 cm: a few 1-2 mm-size hollow worm tubes wit cm size aura were present. Faint ~1 cm-size burrows and plow soles were also observed. Between 24-45 cm, a few cm-size burrows were noticed, with the majority having lined walls. Only very faint burrows were discernable below 45 cm.

9.5

270

15318-3

82.5

137

Disturbed bedding to 100 cm, A few hollow worm burrows were observed, especially at 105-120 cm.

9.5

272

15319-1

Large, refilled burrow of a large mussel from surface down to 26 cm. Below 25 cm, with sporadic roots and thin mm-size burrows in glacial tills, which were more frequent below 55 cm.

9.5

273

15320-1

Strongly bioturbated through mollusk activities with overprinting of traces from surface to 34 cm. A few faint worm burrows were also discernable. Layering was not preserved. Nest with many small A. alba between 25-28 cm. Less bioturbate between 34-63 cm with sediment layering. Large fragment of Eulimella commutata at 43-46 cm, fish bone at 70 cm Traces of increased mollusk activities to 82 cm depth.

9.5

274

15320-1

166

A few vertical mm-size and cm-size, generally hollow, worm burrows were present down to 125 cm. Some larger (~2 cm), sediment filled, inclined, burrows visible to 103 cm depth.

9.5

275

15320-1

166

220

No bioturbation

9.5

276

15321-1

108

Strongly bioturbated with overprinting of traces from 15-65 cm. A single 1 cm- size burrow was observed at 15-25 cm, large burrows, ~ 3 cm in diameter at 15-35 cm, and 60-65 cm. Layering was only partially preserved. Not bioturbated between 70-81 cm. Concentric traces from upward movement of mussel present at 81-84 cm, and some vertical and horizontal mm-size worm burrows at 84-97 cm.

9.5

277

15321-1

108

194

Generally not bioturbated, except for inclined burrow with 15 mm diameter at 111-114 cm, 3-4 mm-size hollow vertical and filled burrows at 125-128 cm and thin 1-2 mm traces at 144-153 cm.

9.5

238

15301-1

108.5

191.5

108.5-134 cm: laminated, less disturbed than above, layer boundaries wavy to lightly irregular, thin mm-size burrows, and abundant scattered very coarse grains. 134-191.5 cm: very thin burrow-like fine roots, ?mollusk traces, with enrichment of carbonaceous material in a few mm-layers. Layers in lower part below 184 cm were penetrated by roots.

9.5

GIK 10012

9.4

GIK 13207-3

104

0-58 cm: Planolites predominant with some faint Scolicia traces between 22-26 cm, Chondrites between 28-32 cm, intact less bioturbated layers at 37-38.5 cm depth. 58-70/74 cm: Layered turbidites with internal slump structures to 1 cm thickness. Lower boundary erosional and inclined. 70/74-104 cm: Dominantly Planolites with Chondrites.

311

15390-1

27.5

Bioturbate, with partially preserved, large, sediment-filled mollusk burrows ~3 cm in diameter in uppermost 10 cm. Multi-layered segments of burrows of ?Terebellides stroemi.

310

15389-1

247

275

Slightly bioturbated with a few worm burrows and mollusk traces. Secondary gypsum.

GIK 13207-3

104

204

104-152/153 cm: Dominantly Planolites with Chondrites especially between 125-130 cm, intact layers at 107 and 117 cm depths. Irregular lower boundary. 152/153-162/163.5 cm: Turbidites. Mm-size layering disturbed by slumps and through bioturbation. Microcurrent bedded between 158-159.5 cm. Erosional lower boundary. 163.5-204 cm: Planolites with Chondrites especially between 191-194 and 200-202 cm.

GIK 13207-3

204

309

204-220 cm: Planolites with Chondrites. 220-233 cm: Layered turbidites, with current bedding and lensing. 233-246 cm: Large slump pocket, bioturbated Planolites and ?Teichichnus, irregular sides and lower boundary. 246-260: Deformatonal structures, Planolites. 260-309 cm: Predominantly Planolites with some Scolicia from 266-271 cm

308

15389-1

82.5

165

Strongly bioturbated from 93 cm downwards, with numerous vertical, inclined and horizontal, hollow, 2-4 mm-size worm burrows. Some burrows were filled with sediment. Mollusk traces were only partially preserved. Layering in sediment was not observed below 103 cm

307

15389-1

82.5

Slightly bioturbated from 0-50 cm, with only some worm burrows and sandier trails of mollusks were observed. More activity below 50 cm with partially preserved mollusk traces, hollow and sediment-filled worm burrows.

309

15389-1

165

247

Lightly bioturbated with cm-size sediment layering to 192 cm. Thin 1 mm-size hollow worm burrows with bifurcations upwards were present especially above 185 cm. Large sediment-filled burrows > 2 cm in diameter were frequent at 198-218 cm. A few thin, linear, hollow worm burrows were observed at 218-220 cm with intact sediment layers at 233-240 cm.

320

15393-1

114.5

Very lightly bioturbated, with faint traces to 53 cm. Sediment layered with distinct, undisturbed laminations below 60 cm. Numerous tears in the sediment due to escaping hydrogen sulphide gas. The piston coring technique caused dragdown at the sides of the core.

8.5

319

15392-1

420

465

Laminated with locally bioturbated sections as at 446-448 cm and 463-467 cm. Drags at the sides due to coring.

8.5

318

15392-1

320

420

Sediment laminations were well preserved but locally disturbed by bioturbation through mollusks and mm-size hollow and sediment-filled worm burrows from 320-370 cm. Laminated below 370 cm with some worm tubes and synsedimentary faulting.

8.5

317

15392-1

220.5

320

Slightly bioturbated with faint traces and some hollow and sediment-filled worm burrows. Synsedimentary faulting at 267-272 cm. Tears in the sediment slice.

8.5

316

15392-1

120

220.5

Sediment layering generally observed but not completely preserved, with scattered 2-3 adjacent hollow worm burrows. Larger but fainter traces from mollusks, when present, had partially destroyed the layering, e.g. at 130-136 cm, at 151-153 cm and at 217-221 cm.

8.5

315

15392-1

29.5

120

30-52 cm dominated by bioturbate structures from movements of echinoids (Scolicia isp.) and mollusks. Much less bioturbated below 52 cm with sediment layering, and traces dominantly from mollusks and worms, e.g. thick walled tube burrow of Terebellides stroemi at 86-87 cm.

8.5

314

15391-1

192.5

258

Traces of burrows were observed to 209 cm. Non bioturbated to base.

8.5

313

15391-1

110

192.5

A few vertical worm burrows and roots were discernable to 154 cm. Lightly bioturbate to 192 cm.

8.5

126

GIK 10511-1

137.5

very strongly bioturbated with worm burrows (hc: head chamber of Pectinaria koreni); linear and curved structures due to movement of Mussels in sediment (btu: traces left by bivalves, sediment layers are convex upwards); lc: living chambers of small Crustacea.

8.5

312

15391-1

110

Bioturbate, with partially preserved, large, sediment-filled mollusk burrows ~3 cm in diameter in uppermost 10 cm. Multi-layered segments of burrows of ?Terebellides stroemi.

8.5

322

15393-1

187

270

Some tears to 209 cm. A few layers were locally bioturbated, e.g. at 206-209 cm, and 216-219 cm.Scattered Ostracoda at 260-270 cm.

8.5

321

15393-1

114.5

187

Lightly bioturbated, with tears throughout the column, decreasing below 170 cm.

8.5

294

15344-1

102

165

Thinly bedded (< 1 cm thick) sequence. Distinct scour and fill at 123-125 cm and at 140-141 cm. Totally disturbed at 154-158 cm with intact mm-thin layer on top.

293

15344-1

102

Wavy bedding (scouring) with frequent formation of sediment lenses from 18-48 cm, also at 67-78 cm. Faint, sporadic traces of mm-size hollow worm burrows. Synsedimentary faults at 80-90 cm.

291

15342-1

200

300

With decreasing intensity of bioturbation, sediment laminations were better preserved. Clusters of mm-size worm ? burrows were observed throughout. Isolated small shells, e.g. with both valves preserved at 231 cm.

292

15342-1

298

400

300-303 cm: hollow dwelling chamber and burrows with birfurcations, layering intact to 330 cm, strongly bioturbated to 345 cm, no layering, mollusk and echinoid (Scolicia isp.) traces to 370 cm, weakening downwards.

337

15342-1

400

493.5

Layering wavy in Lake Marls to 415 cm, roots and organic matter to 429 cm, no distinct traces to bottom, although sediment layers were disturbed.

439

15426-1

166

83-89 cm: fairly frequent, unlined, horizontal. 89-166 cm: vertical to near-vertical burrows 2-5 mm size down to 150 cm depth., generally unlined walls, some with agglutinated walls especially between 126-137 cm. Horizontal burrows more frequent below 115 cm.

438

15426-1

0-28 cm: bioturbate with horizontal burrows at 5.5-8.5 cm and 16.2 cm. Oval imprints of bivalves and concentric layering from their movements especially between 10-16 cm. 28-83 cm: fairly frequent, unlined, horizontal, traces of 2-5 mm-size throughout the section, sporadic vertical burrows.Inclined burrows present down to 42 cm. Vertical biogenic structures from large bivalves below 60 cm.

440

15426-1

166

238

Unlined, radiating burrows from main dwelling chamber of Crustacea at 171 cm. Vertical burrows frequent between 182-189 cm, 1-3 mm-size horizontal burrows were observed throughout this section.

290

15342-1

100

200

Intensively bioturbated with dominant Mollusk traces as above, with a few partially preserved sediment layers. Long 1 mm-size hollow worm burrows at 119-170 cm. Plant roots and debris were locally frequent.

289

15342-1

100

Mollusk activity predominated with overprinting of earlier traces, and only isolated worm burrows were preserved down to 47 cm. Local clusters of hollow worm tubes observed below 49 cm. Some remnant Scolocia isp. especially at 23-33 cm. Sediment layering discernable from 47 cm downwards, with some intact laminations below 80 cm depth.

295

15344-1

165

237

A few roots at 167 cm. Layering broken by irregular vertical burrows down to 177 cm, at 184-190 cm, and at 198-205 cm. Roots. Synsedimentary faulting at 225 cm.

285

15325-1

Intensely bioturbated from worm, crustacea and mollusk acitvities with overprinting of earlier traces. Faint traces of worm burrows, dwelling chambers, crab burrows, ? Scolicia isp. and segments of concave (upwards) layers were observed.

7.8

283

15324-4

187

270

Fine grained peat with abundant scattered broken twigs, disseminated seeds and plant debris (< 1 mm-size) at 187-193.5 cm, less abundant at 203-218 cm and 230-232 cm, forming layer at 237 cm and at top of sand between 261-265 cm.

7.8

282

15324-4

103

187

Less bioturbated with sand traces and sand filled burrows and lamination to 132 cm. Layering not preserved below 132 cm, with traces (~ 2 cm in diameter) from mollusk and crustacea activities, and a few worm burrows. Peat with some seeds, otherwise structureless.

7.8

281

15324-4

103

A few inclined worm burrows with 4-5 mm diameter were preserved down to 16 cm. Bioturbated throughout with mixed mud and sand, ~ 1 cm mud layers in sand between 57-65 cm with dwelling chamber of crab in sand, very muddy without discernable traces to 71 cm, and isolated hollow burrows in bioturbated sand to 87 cm. Laminations preserved at 87-88 cm and 96-97 cm.

7.8

284

15324-4

215

270

Fine grained peat with some scattered broken twigs, disseminated seeds and plant debris (< 1 mm-size) at 215-218 cm and 230-232 cm, forming layer at 237 cm and at top of sand between 261-265 cm.

7.8

288

15327-1

167

216

Partially preserved Scolicia isp. at 167-175 cm with overprinting from mollusk traces. Except for traces of large. Generally vertical burrows, distinct bioturbate features which could be attributed to a particular species were not preserved. Sediment layering was not observed throughout.

7.8

287

15327-1

82.5

167

Large burrow to 90 cm depth. Scattered seeds and fine plant debris, which were locally frequent, and thin layering were observed to 138 cm, with partial preservation further down to 167 cm. Sporadic faint worm burrows were barely discernable.

7.8

286

15327-1

82.5

Mainly vertical and inclined, sediment-filled worm burrows to 5 mm in diameter. Some faint traces of burrows, ?Scolicia isp. and dwelling chambers of crustacea, and parallel layering in burrow due to mollusk movements were observed down to 60 cm. Mollusk traces to 82.5 cm.

7.8

437

15406-1

102.5

152

102.5-109 cm: core disturbed. 109-152 cm: Large trace, ~3 cm wide, with convex upwards layering, suggesting downward movement of a bivalve at 125-137 cm. Inclined, partially hollow, burrows of Crustacea at 128-132 cm and at about 137 cm depth.

7.5

336

15400-1

111

Bioturbation traces generally not well preserved, but was manifested in sediment inhomogeneity, e.g. indications of large burrows between 40-55 cm and 68-73 cm. Sporadic thin, faint vertical structures were observed. Hollow lined tube at 70-72 cm.

7.5

338

15400-1

111

154

faint traces of 1-4 mm-size lined and unlined, vertical and inclined burrows are present, cm-size traces are blurred. Usually only one valve of bivalve shells is observed. 2-4 mm size hollow burrows especially between 115-133 cm.

7.5

299

15384-1

170

A few faint traces of various types of worm burrows and mollusks were preserved. Plant remains were dispersed and sometimes enriched in layers.

7.5

298

15384-1

Some hollow worm burrows, faintly preserved segments of sediment-filled burrows, slight traces from movement of mollusks, and dwelling chambers of crustacea were observed, mainly in topmost 60 cm of core.

7.5

296

15383-1

82.5

Vertical and inclined burrows and resting traces of mollusks were preserved from surface to 27 cm. A few hollow tubes, and more frequently, faint sediment filled worm burrows of Pectinaria koreni and ? Terebellides stroemi, dwelling chambers and burrows of crustacea and concentric mussel traces were observed to 82 cm.

7.5

297

15383-1

82.5

137

As above to 101 cm, with more small (mm-size) vertical worm burrows, and slight traces from movement of mollusks. Seldom bioturbate below 110 cm with sediment layering and current bedding.

7.5

301

15386-1

110

0-27 cm with numerous hollow and sediment-filled, vertical, inclined and horizontal worm burrows, a few with lined walls. Head chambers of Pectinaria koreni,were distinctly preserved. Less bioturbated to 48 cm. Vertical and horizontal, hollow burrows, 3-4 mm in diameter, some with lined walls, down to 110 cm. Sdiment layering below 50 cm.

7.5

302

15386-1

110

193

Isolated hollow and sediment filled worm burrows were sporadically present down to 130 cm. Deformed bedding due to mollusk activity to 155 cm. Scour and fill structure at 158-159 cm. Straight and large ~2.5 cm-size refilled burrow from 165-187 cm in glacial till.

7.5

436

15404-1

7-14.5 cm: Faintly preserved traces of dwelling chambers of cmall (2 cm-size) Crustacea, some still partially hollow. Vertical, structureless burrows up to 2 cm diameter. 14.5-31 cm: Some, thin /1-2 mm), hollow traces to about 22 cm depth. No structures preserved below. 31-78 cm: Vertical traces (1 cm diameter) with slightly irregular, unlined walls between 35-40 cm and between 51-62 cm. Alignment of coarser grians (grits) along bivalve shell edges and burrows, e.g. at 52-55 cm and 59-61 cm.

7.5

300

15384-1

170

253

Fish bone at 172 cm. Traces were not well preserved to 199 cm. Large, generally structurless, burrows of mollusks were present at 199-220 cm. Some segments of sediment layering were preserved below 205 cm to bottom.

7.5

435

15403-1

111

154

Faint vertical traces with coprolites between 104-111 cm, more intesely bioturbated below 119 cm with some preserved, generally horizontal, worm burrows. Segment of shell fragments around mollusk trace at 135 cm.

7.5

434

15403-1

111

0-10 cm: Some worm burrows including multiwalled trace of Terebellides stroemi, concave upwards traces of upward bivalve movements and faint, generally vertical, larger worm traces were observed. 10-90.5 cm Faint, but identifiable burrows of Pectinaria koreni, some complete with head chambers, some mm-size vertical burrows, traces of mollusk activity, both concave and convex upwards, signifying up and down movements.

7.5

GIK 10012

159

10 cm slices of core. Hollow worm burrows and traces left by bivalves.

104

GIK 10092-2

130

280

As above to 196 cm. Bioturbate features less defined below 196 cm, with more sediment layering observed. ?Plant roots.

103

GIK 10092-2

130

Predominently traces from movement of bivalves overprinting earlier traces. Some hollow and sediment-filled vertical and U-shaped worm tubes preserved.

278

15322-1

176

12-43 cm: bioturbated through worm and mollusk activity with overprinting of earlier traces. Sediment filled and hollow worm burrows, some with lined walls were observed. Less intensive below 43 cm with intervals of preserved sediment layering to 81 cm. Hollow, vertical worm burrows, e.g. at 70-71 cm. Sediment laminations were better preserved from 81 cm downwards. Thin mm-size worm burrows only seldom observed below 81 cm. Large, inclined, hollow burrow at 139-146 cm. Diatoms below 170 cm to base of core.

173

834

944

Non-laminated or faintly bedded sections dominate over laminated parts. Pyrite dessiminated in layers and also as isolated grains. Millimeter thick sandy layers are present. Thicker lenses (~1 cm) occur between 860-871 cm. Synsedimentary tectonics

172

683

834

Laminated to thinly bedded. Varve character limited to a few segments of cm-thickness. Thicker 2-5 mm coarse-grained storm layers (?). Pyritization strong between 807-808 cm in streaks. A few synsedimentary faultings are present below 800 cm.

171

532

683

Varves stronger 532-603 cm, generaly weaker below. Dessiminated pyrite frequent in layers between 593-603 cm. No bioturbation.

170

380

532

Strong varves 380-437 cm, weaker below, dropstones at basal beddings, pyritization less than in above section. Synsedimentary faulting between 430-450 cm.

169

220

380

Laminations stronger (varve-like). Pyrite frequently dessiminated in layers. Synsedimentary tectonics (?) between 377-380 cm.

193

Serienschnitte 2 Ebene

168